Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme

Pumped storage hydroelectric plant in the Western Cape

Dam in Western Cape

34°11′52″S 18°58′27″E / 34.19782°S 18.97407°E / -34.19782; 18.97407StatusOperationalOpening date1988; 36 years ago (1988)Operator(s)EskomUpper reservoirCreatesRockview DamTotal capacity3 100 000 m³^[1]Lower reservoirCreatesKogelberg DamPower StationInstalled capacity400 MW

The Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme consists of two 200 megawatts (270,000 hp) turbine units located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) upstream of the Kogelberg Dam on the Palmiet River near Cape Town, South Africa.^[2] The pumped-storage hydroelectricity plant is capable of responding to a surge in peak power demand in minutes.^[3] At night, excess power on the grid generated by conventional coal and nuclear plants is used to pump water to the upper Rockview Dam overlooking Gordon's Bay.

It is regarded^{[by whom?]} as a forerunner in environmental engineering. The whole Palmiet site is a conservation area and in December 1998 the area was declared a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO - the first in South Africa.

References

^ "Eskom - Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme" (PDF).
^ "Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme". Eskom. 28 February 2023.
^ "PUMPED STORAGE HYDROELECTRIC SCHEMES AND WATER TRANSFER" (PDF). Eskom. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-27. Retrieved 2015-04-20.

External links

Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme on the Eskom-Website

Cape Town

City of Cape Town

Natural environment

Bays

Bantry Bay
Camps Bay
False Bay
Gordon's Bay
Granger Bay
Hout Bay
Simon's Bay
Smitswinkel Bay
Table Bay

Beaches

Hills

Blaauwberg
Skapenberg
Signal Hill
Tygerberg

Mountains

Chapman's Peak
Constantiaberg
Devil's Peak
Helderberg
Hottentots Holland Mountains
Lion's Head
Table Mountain
Twelve Apostles

Islands

Headlands

Rivers and wetlands

Bokramspruit
Buffels River
Eerste River
- Kuils River
Diep River
Else River
Hout Bay River
Krom River
Lourens River
Modder River
Salt River
- Black River
- Elsieskraal River
- Liesbeek River
Sand River
Schusters River
Silvermine River
Sir Lowry’s Pass River
Sout River
Steenbras River
Zandvlei
Zeekoevlei

Climate and weather

World heritage sites

Biodiversity
of Cape Town

Vegetation types	Atlantis Sand Fynbos Boland Granite Fynbos Cape Flats Dune Strandveld Cape Flats Sand Fynbos Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetland Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos Hangklip Sand Fynbos Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos Peninsula Granite Fynbos Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos Southern Afrotemperate Forest Peninsula Shale Renosterveld Swartland Alluvium Fynbos Swartland Shale Renosterveld
Parks and gardens	Arderne Gardens Company's Garden De Waal Park Green Point Common Helderberg Nature Reserve Keurboom Park Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden Rondebosch Common Rondebosch Park Tokai Arboretum Tokai Park Wynberg Park
Nature reserves	Blaauwberg Conservation Area Bracken Nature Reserve Cecilia De Hel Nature Area Dick Dent Bird Sanctuary Die Oog Conservation Area Diep River Fynbos Corridor Durbanville Nature Reserve Edith Stephens Wetland Park Glencairn Wetland Harmony Flats Nature Reserve Helderberg Nature Reserve Kenilworth Racecourse Conservation Area Koeberg Nature Reserve Kogelberg Nature Reserve Lourens River Protected Natural Environment Lower Silvermine River Wetlands Macassar Dunes Conservation Area Mamre Nature Garden Meadowridge Common Milnerton Racecourse Nature Reserve Raapenberg Bird Sanctuary Rietvlei Wetland Reserve Rondebosch Common Rondevlei Nature Reserve Silwerboomkloof Natural Heritage Site Tygerberg Nature Reserve Uitkamp Wetlands Witzands Aquifer Conservation Area Wolfgat Nature Reserve Zoarvlei Wetlands Zandvlei Estuary Nature Reserve Zeekoevlei Nature Reserve

Communities

Atlantic Seaboard

Blaauwberg

Cape Flats
(Klipfontein district)

Athlone
Belgravia
Bishop Lavis
Crawford
Crossroads
Gugulethu
Hanover Park
Heideveld
Kalksteenfontein
Kenwyn
Lansdowne
Lavender Hill
Manenberg
Nyanga
Ottery
Philippi
- Browns Farm
- Philippi Horticultural
- Philippi East
- Samora Machel
Rondebosch East
Rylands
Strandfontein
Valhalla Park

Khayelitsha	Bongweni Harare/Holimisa Ikwezi Park Mandela Park Griffiths Mxenge QQ Section Silver Town Victoria Merge

Mitchells Plain	Rocklands Westridge Portlands Tafelsig Eastridge Beacon Valley Lentegeur Woodlands Weltevreden Valley Colorado Mandalay Montclair Watergate Developments Heinz Park Morgans Village Rondevlei Westgate Montrose Park Lost City

City Bowl

Helderberg

Northern Suburbs

Acacia Park
Belhar
Bellville
- Boston
- Eversdal
- Kenridge
- Stellenberg
Blue Downs
Bonteheuwel
Bothasig
Brackenfell
Canal Walk
Delft
- Blikkiesdorp
Durbanville
Edgemead
Elsie's River
Epping
Fisantekraal
Goodwood
Joostenbergvlakte
Kensington
Kraaifontein
Kuils River
Langa
- Joe Slovo
Loevenstein
Maitland
Mfuleni
Monte Vista
Ndabeni
Norwood
Panorama
Parow
Philadelphia
Plattekloof
Pinelands
Ravensmead
Richwood
Scottsdene
Sonnestraal
Thornton
Tygerberg
Tyger Valley
Wallacedene

Southern Suburbs

South Peninsula

Neighbourhoods

Victoria & Alfred Waterfront

Built environment

Adderley Street Long Street Strand Street
Chapman's Peak Drive Hospital Bend Kloof Nek Road Metropolitan Routes in Cape Town M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 M12 National roads N1 N2 N7 Sir Lowry's Pass Ou Kaapse Weg Peninsula Expressway (Cape Town) R300
Skyscrapers	List of tallest buildings in Cape Town 1 Thibault Square Atterbury House Cape Town Civic Centre Metlife Centre Mutual Building Naspers Centre Portside Tower Triangle House

Government

National government	Parliament of South Africa Houses of Parliament Genadendal Residence Highstead Tuynhuys Defence Air Force Base Ysterplaat Naval Base Simon's Town SAS Wingfield South African Naval College
Provincial government	Leeuwenhof
City of Cape Town	Government of Cape Town Mayor Deputy Mayor Cape Town City Hall Cape Town Civic Centre Cape Town Partnership Coat of arms of Cape Town Flag of Cape Town Elections 2018 Cape Town mayoral election Erasmus Commission Wards Law and enforcement Western Cape Division of the High Court of South Africa Municipal Police Pollsmoor Prison

History

Fortifications	Amsterdam Battery Castle of Good Hope Chavonnes Battery Fort de Goede Hoop Redoubt Duijnhoop
Monuments and memorials	Artillery Memorial, Cape Town Japanese Lantern Monument Rhodes Memorial The Cenotaph Treaty Tree Van Riebeeck's Hedge
Lists of heritage sites	Near Cape Town Bo-Kaap CBD and the Waterfront Simon's Town Helderberg Bellville Table Mountain Wynberg district
Historical buildings	African Theatre Alhambra Theatre Breakwater Lodge Church Square Coornhoop Graaff Electric Lighting Works

Culture

Demographics
Languages

Cuisine

Cape Town wine
- Constantia (wine)
Gatsby (sandwich)

Performance
art

Cape Town City Ballet
Musical ensembles
Theatres
- Artscape Theatre Centre
- Baxter Theatre Centre
- Labia Theatre
- Little Theatre
- Magnet Theatre
- Maynardville Open-Air Theatre
- Space Theatre
- The Independent Armchair Theatre
- Theatre on the Bay

Events and
festivals

Museums and
art galleries

Iziko Museums	Bertram House Bo-Kaap Museum Groot Constantia Koopmans-de Wet House Maritime Centre Michaelis Collection at the Old Town House Rust en Vreugd Slave Lodge Social History Centre SAS Somerset South African Museum National Gallery William Fehr Collection at the Castle of Good Hope

Public art

Statues

Religion

Secular
architecture

Media

Newspapers
- Cape Times
- The Cape Messenger
Radio and television
- Bush Radio
- CapeTalk
- Cape Town TV
- Fine Music Radio
- Good Hope FM
- Kfm 94.5
- UCT Radio
- Voice of the Cape

Economy

Entrepreneurship and innovation
- Silicon Cape Initiative

Companies based in Cape Town	Naspers Travelstart MWEB Sanlam Woolworths Holdings Limited Of historical interest: Garlicks
Hotels and resorts	Belmond Mount Nelson Hotel Protea Hotels by Marriott
Shopping areas, malls and markets	Canal Walk Cavendish Square Golden Acre Greenmarket Square N1 City Tygerberg Mall Somerset Mall Victoria & Alfred Waterfront
Exhibition centres	Cape Town International Convention Centre Good Hope Centre
Restaurants and cafés	Café Caprice Perseverance Tavern
Tourism	Beaches of Cape Town Cape of Good Hope Table Mountain Aerial Cableway Groot Constantia Mariner's Wharf Nature reserves in Cape Town Ratanga Junction Two Oceans Aquarium Victoria & Alfred Waterfront World of Birds Wildlife Sanctuary and Monkey Park

Transport

Air transport	Airports in Cape Town Air Force Base Ysterplaat Cape Town International Airport Cape Winelands Airfield Wingfield Aerodrome
Maritime transport	Port of Cape Town Safmarine
Road transport	Buses in Cape Town Golden Arrow Bus Services MyCiTi MyCiTi bus stations Roads in Cape Town Trolleybuses in Cape Town
Rail transport	Blue Train Commuter rail lines Metrorail Western Cape Cape Flats Line Central Line Northern Line Southern Line Railway stations Bellville Cape Town Claremont Crawford Mowbray Mutual Newlands Observatory Pinelands Retreat Rondebosch Rosebank Salt River Simon's Town Steenberg Woodstock Trams in Cape Town

Sports

Soccer	Cape Town Spurs F.C. Cape Town City F.C.
Rugby	Western Province Ikey Tigers
Cricket	Cape Cobras
Other	Cape Town Tigers (basketball)
Sports events	2010 FIFA World Cup Cape Town Cycle Tour Cape Town Open Cape Town Ladies Open Cape Town Marathon South Africa Sevens Table Mountain Challenge Two Oceans Marathon
Sports venues	Athlone Stadium Bellville Stadium Bellville Velodrome Cape Town Stadium Erica Park Good Hope Centre Green Point Stadium Hartleyvale Stadium Killarney Motor Racing Complex Milnerton Racecourse Newlands Cricket Ground Newlands Stadium NNK Rugby Stadium Parow Park Philippi Stadium Royal Cape Golf Club University of the Western Cape Stadium Wynberg Military Base Stadium

Education

Libraries	Biblionef Central Library Cape Town Centre for the Book Fish Hoek Library Jacob Gitlin Library Meadowridge Library National Library of South Africa Rondebosch Library SAAO Library Strandfontein Library University of Cape Town Libraries
Universities	Cape Peninsula University of Technology University of Cape Town University of the Western Cape
Colleges	Qualitas Career Academy South African College Yeshiva of Cape Town
Private schools	American International School of Cape Town Cannons Creek Independent School Cape Town French School Christel House South Africa Darul Islam Islamic High School Diocesan College German International School Cape Town Herschel Girls' School Herzlia Schools Mountain View Academy Parklands College St. Cyprian's School St. George's Grammar School Michael Oak Waldorf School Oakhurst Primary School
Public schools	Alexander Sinton Secondary School Belgravia High School Belhar Secondary School Bellville High School Bergvliet Primary School Bergvliet High School Bosmansdam High School Brackenfell High School Cape Academy of Mathematics, Science and Technology Cape Town High School Chris Hani Secondary School Claremont High School COSAT D.F. Malan High School Durbanville High School Eben Dönges High School Eersterivier Secondary School Fairbairn College Fairmont High School Gardens Commercial High School Grove Primary School Harold Cressy High School Hottentots Holland High School Jan van Riebeeck High School Lavender Hill High School Livingstone High School Masiphumelele High School Milnerton High School Mondale High School Parel Vallei High School Pinelands High School Range High School Rondebosch Boys' High School Rondebosch Boys' Preparatory School Rustenburg School for Girls Sea Point High School Sinenjongo High School Spine Road High School South African College Schools Stellenberg High School Strand High School Table View High School The Settlers High School Trafalgar High School Tygerberg High School Westerford High School Windsor High School Wynberg Boys' High School Wynberg Girls' High School
Alternative schools	GlenBridge Special School Tafelberg School
Former schools	Ellerslie Girls' High School Tot Nut van het Algemeen
Art & Music schools	Hugo Lambrechts Music Centre South African College of Music Peter Clarke Art Centre
Not yet allocated	College of Magic Montebello Design Centre

Services

Hospitals	Alexandra Hospital Groote Schuur Hospital Karl Bremer Hospital Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital Somerset Hospital Tygerberg Hospital Valkenberg Hospital
Lighthouses	Cape Point Lighthouse Green Point Lighthouse Milnerton Lighthouse Roman Rock Lighthouse Slangkop Lighthouse
Western Cape Water Supply System	Dams and resrvoirs Alexandra Dam Berg River Dam De Villiers Dam Hely-Hutchinson Dam Kleinplaats Dam Land-en-Zeezicht Reservoir Lewis Gay Dam Molteno Dam Silvermine Dam Steenbras Dam Theewaterskloof Dam Victoria Dam Voëlvlei Dam Wemmershoek Dam Woodhead Dam
Electrical power generation	Athlone Power Station Graaff Electric Lighting Works Koeberg Nuclear Power Station Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme
Emergency services	Cape Town Fire Department Metro Emergency Medical Services Mountain Club of South Africa National Sea Rescue Institute

Cape Town • Outline

Power in South Africa

Sectors

Companies and
organisations

Current	Eskom South African Nuclear Energy Corporation National Energy Regulator of South Africa
Defunct	Atomic Energy Corporation Johannesburg Gas Works

Active
power stations

Eskom Coal	Arnot Power Station Bloemfontein Power Station Camden Power Station Duvha Power Station Grootvlei Power Station Hendrina Power Station Kelvin Power Station Kendal Power Station Komati Power Station Kriel Power Station Kusile Power Station Lethabo Power Station Majuba Power Station Matimba Power Station Matla Power Station Medupi Power Station Pretoria West Power Station Tutuka Power Station
Metro Coal	Kelvin Power Station Rooiwal Power Station
Hydro-electric	Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme Gariep Dam Ingula Pumped Storage Scheme Kouga Dam Power Station Ncora Dam Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme Steenbras Dam Vanderkloof Dam
Nuclear	Koeberg Nuclear Power Station
Oil and gas	Acacia Power Station Ankerlig Power Station Gourikwa Power Station Newcastle Cogeneration Plant Port Rex Power Station
Solar	Bokpoort CSP De Aar Solar Power Droogfontein Solar Power Jasper Solar Energy Project Kalkbult Kathu Solar Park KaXu Solar One Khi Solar One Lesedi Solar Park Letsatsi Solar Park Mulilo Sonnedix Prieska PV Redstone Solar Thermal Power SlimSun Swartland Solar Park Touwsrivier CPV Solar Project
Wind	Amakhala Emoyeni Wind Farm Aurora Wind Farm Brandvallei Wind Farm Chaba Wind farm Coega Wind Farm Coleskop Wind Farm Cookhouse Wind Farm Copperton Wind Farm De Aar Wind Farm Darling Wind Farm Dassiesklip Wind Energy Facility Dorper Wind Farm Excelsior Wind Farm Garob Wind Farm Gibson Bay Wind Farm Golden Valley Wind Farm Gouda Wind Facility Grassridge Wind Farm Hopefield Wind Farm Jeffreys Bay Wind Farm Kangans Wind Farm Karusa Wind Farm Klipheuwel Wind Farm Khobab Wind Farm Kouga Wind Farm Loeriesfontein Wind Farm Metrowind Wind Farm Noblesfontein Wind Farm Nojoli Wind Farm Noupoort Wind Farm Nxuba Wind Farm Oyster Bay Wind Farm Perdekraal Wind Farm Phezukomoya Wind Farm Red Cap Wind Farm Rietkloof Wind Farm Roggeveld Wind Farm San Kraal Wind Farm Sere Wind Farm Soetwater Wind Farm Tsitsikamma Community Wind Farm Umoya Wind Farm Van Stadens Wind Farm Waainek Wind Farm West Coast 1 Wind Farm Wesley-Ciskei Wind Farm
Other	Johannesburg Landfill Gas to Electricity

Decommissioned
power stations

Coal	Athlone Power Station Colenso Power Station Driehoek Power Station Graaff Electric Lighting Works Ingagane Power Station Kroonstad Power Station Mount Road Power Station Orlando Power Station Swartkops Power Station

Other

Category
Commons

Electricity delivery

Concepts

Portal pylons of Kriftel substation near Frankfurt

Sources

Non-renewable	Fossil fuel power station Coal Natural gas Oil shale Petroleum Nuclear
Renewable	Biofuel Biogas Biomass Geothermal Hydro Marine Current Osmotic Thermal Tidal Wave Solar Sustainable biofuel Wind