Tarai gray langur

Species of Old World monkey

Tarai gray langur
Tarai Gray langur at Kilbury Road Nainital
Conservation status

Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1)[2]
CITES Appendix I (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Cercopithecidae
Genus: Semnopithecus
Species:
S. hector[1]
Binomial name
Semnopithecus hector[1]
Pocock, 1928
Tarai gray langur range

The Tarai gray langur (Semnopithecus hector) is an Old World monkey, and was formerly considered a subspecies of the northern plains gray langur. The species is listed as near threatened, as there are probably not many more than 10,000 mature individuals, and it is experiencing a continuing decline.[2]

Distribution and habitat

The Tarai gray langur is native to northern India, Bhutan, and Nepal, and inhabits the Himalayan foothills from Rajaji National Park to southwestern Bhutan. It also lives in the moist deciduous forest of the Siwalik Hills to oak forest ranging from altitudes of 150 to 1,600 m (490 to 5,250 ft).[2]

Behaviour and ecology

The Tarai gray langur is arboreal, mainly terrestrial, diurnal, folivorous, and lives in multi-male multi-female groups.[3] Groups have been observed feeding in orchards and crop fields outside of Rajaji National Park.[2]

References

  1. ^ Groves, C. P. (2005). "Species Semnopithecus hector". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 174. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ a b c d e Singh, M.; Kumar, A.; Kumara, H.N. & Ahuja, V. (2020). "Semnopithecus hector". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39837A17942651. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39837A17942651.en. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  3. ^ Molur, S.; Brandon-Jones, D.; Dittus, W.; Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M.; Feeroz, M. M.; Chalise, M.; Priya, P. & Walker, S. (2003). Status of South Asian Primates: Conservation Assessment and Management Plan (PDF). Coimbatore: Zoo Outreach Organization and CBSG-South Asia.
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Extant species of family Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) (subfamily Colobinae)
African group
Colobus
(Black and white colobi)
  • Black colobus (C. satanas)
  • Angola colobus (C. angolensis)
  • King colobus (C. polykomos)
  • Ursine colobus (C. vellerosus)
  • Mantled guereza (C. guereza)
Piliocolobus
(Red colobi)
  • Western red colobus (P. badius)
  • Miss Waldron's red colobus (P. waldronae)
  • Pennant's colobus (P. pennantii)
  • Preuss's red colobus (P. preussi)
  • Thollon's red colobus (P. tholloni)
  • Foa's red colobus (P. foai)
  • Ugandan red colobus (P. tephrosceles)
  • Udzungwa red colobus (P. gordonorum)
  • Zanzibar red colobus (P. kirkii)
  • Tana River red colobus (P. rufomitratus)
  • Niger Delta red colobus (P. epieni)
  • Bouvier's red colobus (P. bouvieri)
  • Semliki red colobus (P. semlikiensis)
  • Lang's red colobus (P. langi)
  • Oustalet's red colobus (P. oustaleti)
  • Lomami red colobus (P. parmentieri)
  • Ulindi River red colobus (P. lulindicus)
Procolobus
  • Olive colobus (P. verus)
Langur group
Semnopithecus
(Gray langurs)
  • Nepal gray langur (S. schistaceus)
  • Kashmir gray langur (S. ajax)
  • Tarai gray langur (S. hector)
  • Northern plains gray langur (S. entellus)
  • Black-footed gray langur (S. hypoleucos)
  • Tufted gray langur (S. priam)
  • Purple-faced langur (S. vetulus)
  • Nilgiri langur (S. johnii)
Trachypithecus
  • T. cristatus group: East Javan langur (T. auratus)
  • West Javan langur (T. mauritius)
  • Silvery lutung (T. cristatus)
  • Germain's langur (T. germaini)
  • Annamese langur (T. margarita)
  • Tenasserim lutung (T. barbei)
  • Selangor silvered langur (T. selangorensis)
  • T. obscurus group: Dusky leaf monkey (T. obscurus)
  • Indochinese grey langur (T. crepusculus)
  • Phayre's leaf monkey (T. phayrei)
  • Popa langur (T. popa)
  • T. pileatus group: Capped langur (T. pileatus)
  • Shortridge's langur (T. shortridgei)
  • Gee's golden langur (T. geei)
  • T. francoisi group: François' langur (T. francoisi)
  • Hatinh langur (T. hatinhensis)
  • Cat Ba langur (T. poliocephalus)
  • White-headed langur (T. leucocephalus)
  • Laotian langur (T. laotum)
  • Delacour's langur (T. delacouri)
  • Indochinese black langur (T. ebenus)
Presbytis
(Surilis)
  • Black-crested Sumatran langur (P. melalophos)
  • Black-and-white langur (P. bicolor)
  • Black Sumatran langur (P. sumatrana)
  • Mitered langur (P. mitrata)
  • Raffles' banded langur (P. femoralis)
  • Robinson's banded langur (P. robinsoni)
  • East Sumatran banded langur (P. percura)
  • Sarawak surili (P. chrysomelas)
  • White-thighed surili (P. siamensis)
  • White-fronted surili (P. frontata)
  • Javan surili (P. comata)
  • Thomas's langur (P. thomasi)
  • Hose's langur (P. hosei)
  • Miller's langur (P. canicrus)
  • Sabah grizzled langur (P. sabana)
  • Maroon leaf monkey (P. rubicunda)
  • Mentawai langur (P. potenziani)
  • Siberut langur (P. siberu)
  • Natuna Island surili (P. natunae)
Odd-nosed group
Pygathrix
(Doucs)
  • Red-shanked douc (P. nemaeus)
  • Black-shanked douc (P. nigripes)
  • Gray-shanked douc (P. cinerea)
Rhinopithecus
(Snub-nosed monkeys)
  • Golden snub-nosed monkey (R. roxellana)
  • Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey (R. bieti)
  • Gray snub-nosed monkey (R. brelichi)
  • Tonkin snub-nosed monkey (R. avunculus)
  • Myanmar snub-nosed monkey (R. strykeri)
Nasalis
  • Proboscis monkey (N. larvatus)
Simias
  • Pig-tailed langur (S. concolor)
Category
Taxon identifiers
Semnopithecus hector