NASA underwater habitat
Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station |
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Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station |
General information |
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Type | Underwater research and ocean exploration |
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Opened | September 1997 |
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Dimensions |
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Weight | 21,000 lbs. |
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Technical details |
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Size | Crew: 2 |
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Design and construction |
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Developer | Dennis Chamberland Joseph M. Bishop |
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Other designers | Precision Fabricating, Inc. |
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The Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station was designed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as a seafloor research station—or underwater habitat. It was designed by NASA Aquanaut, Dennis Chamberland and Marine Engineer, Joseph M. Bishop and named in honor of the Mercury project astronaut and SEALAB (US Navy) aquanaut M. Scott Carpenter. It was used on two missions in the summer of 1997 and 1998 on the seafloor near Key Largo, Florida at the Marine Resources Development Foundation [1].[1]
Specificity
The Scott Carpenter Station was the only habitat ever designed to be launched from a wheeled trailer, much like a boat. This design feature enabled it to be transported to schools and other venues for touring and educational outreach between missions. The education and outreach function was one of its primary features, and figured importantly in its missions. Many classroom to seafloor connections were made, including links to schools in Oklahoma, Florida, California and north of the Arctic Circle in Canada's Baffin Bay such as Pond Inlet, Nunavut.[1]
Timeline
In 1997, the Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station became one of four existing seafloor habitats operational in the world. During the summers of 1997 and 1998, all four of the world's operational habitats were located within 15 nautical miles (28 km) of each other, and three of them were within 50 feet (15 m) of one another in Key Largo: The Scott Carpenter Station, The MarineLab Research Station [2] and the undersea hotel—the Jules Undersea Lodge [3]. The fourth habitat, the Aquarius (laboratory) habitat was located just offshore near Key Largo inside the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.[1]
Mission One - 1997
The Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station's first mission was launched in September 1997. This mission included a shakedown and full functional test of its design and engineering systems. It also included a visit by NASA astronaut, Dr. Bob Phillips as well as links to schools and classrooms. The link schedule also included linkage with a NASA team of investigators in isolation at the Johnson Space Center where they were testing long term, advanced life support systems. On board the Scott Carpenter Station, investigators also tested space life support systems for growth of plants in remote and extreme environments.[1]
Mission Two - 1998
After the success of Mission One, the station was outfitted for an expanded mission during the following summer in what was known as the NASA Challenge Mission [4]. The Challenge Mission ran concurrently with the Space Shuttle Mission STS-95, the mission which featured veteran astronaut John Glenn. At the launch of the Space Shuttle, the Scott Carpenter Station Mission Commander, Dennis Chamberland and his crew embarked for an unbroken 11-day stay on the seafloor for the same period the Space Shuttle was in space. Following the flight, visitors to the seafloor station included motion picture director James Cameron, who conferenced with students in Pond Inlet, Nunavut via satellite phone, as well as producer Eugene Roddenberry II and Mount Everest Explorer–climber, Tom Whittaker. In 1997, the station logged more than 36 days of crewed missions on the seafloor.[1]
In 2013, the Scott Carpenter Station moved to the Space Foundation Discovery Center[2] in Colorado Springs, Colo., as part of its display of space artifacts.
References
- ^ a b c d e Chamberland, Dennis (2006). "Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station". The Challenge Project. NASA. Archived from the original on August 3, 2009. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
- ^ "Visit Alien Worlds at the Space Foundation Discovery Center this Saturday, May 7". 4 May 2016.
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Basic equipment | |
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Breathing gas | |
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Buoyancy and trim equipment | |
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Decompression equipment | |
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Diving suit | |
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Helmets and masks | |
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Instrumentation | |
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Mobility equipment | |
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Safety equipment | |
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Underwater breathing apparatus | |
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Diving equipment manufacturers | |
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Access equipment | |
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Breathing gas handling | |
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Decompression equipment | |
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Platforms | |
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Remotely operated underwater vehicles | |
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Safety equipment | |
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General | |
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Activities | |
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Competitions | |
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Equipment | |
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Freedivers | |
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Hazards | |
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Historical | |
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Organisations | |
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Occupations | |
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Underwater work | Salvage diving | - SS Egypt
- Kronan
- La Belle
- SS Laurentic
- RMS Lusitania
- Mars
- Mary Rose
- USS Monitor
- HMS Royal George
- Vasa
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Diving contractors | |
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Tools and equipment | |
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Underwater weapons | |
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Specialties | |
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Diver organisations | |
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Diving tourism industry | |
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Diving events and festivals | |
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Diving hazards | |
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Diving procedures | |
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Risk management | |
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Diving disorders | Pressure related | Oxygen | |
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Inert gases | |
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Carbon dioxide | |
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Breathing gas contaminants | |
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Immersion related | |
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Treatment | |
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Personnel | |
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Screening | |
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Research | Researchers in diving physiology and medicine | |
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Diving medical research organisations | |
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Archeological sites | |
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Underwater art and artists | |
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Engineers and inventors | |
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Historical equipment | |
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Military and covert operations | - Raid on Alexandria (1941)
- Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior
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Scientific projects | |
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Awards and events | |
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Incidents | Dive boat incidents | |
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Diver rescues | |
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Early diving | |
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Freediving fatalities | |
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Offshore diving incidents | - Byford Dolphin diving bell accident
- Drill Master diving accident
- Star Canopus diving accident
- Stena Seaspread diving accident
- Venture One diving accident
- Waage Drill II diving accident
- Wildrake diving accident
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Professional diving fatalities | |
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Scuba diving fatalities | |
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Publications |
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Manuals | - NOAA Diving Manual
- U.S. Navy Diving Manual
- Basic Cave Diving: A Blueprint for Survival
- Underwater Handbook
- Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving
- Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving
- The new science of skin and scuba diving
- Professional Diver's Handbook
- Basic Scuba
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Standards and Codes of Practice | |
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General non-fiction | |
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Research | |
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Dive guides | |
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Training and registration |
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Diver training | |
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Recreational scuba certification levels | Core diving skills | |
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Leadership skills | |
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Specialist skills | |
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Diver training certification and registration organisations | Commercial diver certification authorities | |
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Commercial diving schools | |
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Free-diving certification agencies | |
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Recreational scuba certification agencies | |
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Scientific diver certification authorities | |
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Technical diver certification agencies | |
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Military diver training centres | |
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Military diver training courses | |
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Surface snorkeling | |
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Snorkeling/breath-hold | |
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Breath-hold | |
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Open Circuit Scuba | |
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Rebreather | |
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Sports governing organisations and federations | |
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Competitions | |
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Pioneers of diving | |
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Underwater scientists archaeologists and environmentalists | |
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Scuba record holders | |
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Underwater filmmakers and presenters | |
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Underwater photographers | |
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Underwater explorers | |
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Aquanauts | |
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Writers and journalists | |
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Rescuers | |
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Frogmen | |
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Commercial salvors | |
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Diving physics | |
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Diving physiology | |
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Diving environment | |
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Other |
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Deep-submergence vehicle | - Aluminaut
- DSV Alvin
- American submarine NR-1
- Bathyscaphe
- Archimède
- FNRS-2
- FNRS-3
- Harmony class bathyscaphe
- Sea Pole-class bathyscaphe
- Trieste II
- Deepsea Challenger
- Ictineu 3
- JAGO
- Jiaolong
- Konsul-class submersible
- Limiting Factor
- Russian submarine Losharik
- Mir
- Nautile
- Pisces-class deep submergence vehicle
- DSV Sea Cliff
- DSV Shinkai
- DSV Shinkai 2000
- DSV Shinkai 6500
- DSV Turtle
- DSV-5 Nemo
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Submarine rescue | Deep-submergence rescue vehicle | |
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Submarine escape | |
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Special interest groups | |
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Neutral buoyancy facilities for Astronaut training | |
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Other | |
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