List of wars involving the Dutch Republic
Part of a series on the |
---|
History of the Netherlands |
Early
|
Medieval
|
|
|
Netherlands portal |
|
This is a list of wars involving the Dutch Republic, which emerged from the Habsburg Netherlands during the Eighty Years' War (c. 1566–1648). The set of "United Provinces" that would later become the Dutch Republic proclaimed its independence in 1581. In the Low Countries theatre of the War of the First Coalition, the Dutch Republic was conquered by the First French Republic in 1795, and replaced by the Batavian Republic.
- For earlier wars, see List of wars in the Low Countries until 1560.
- For simultaneous wars in the south, see List of wars in the southern Low Countries (1560–1829) – includes wars on the present territory of Belgium and Luxembourg, including the Southern Netherlands (Spanish Netherlands & Austrian Netherlands), the Principality of Liège, the Princely Abbey of Stavelot-Malmedy, the Prince-Bishopric of Cambrésis and the Imperial City of Cambray, the Duchy of Bouillon, and smaller states.
- For wars after 1795, see List of wars involving the Netherlands.
List
Conflict and date | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
---|---|---|---|
Eighty Years' War[a] (c. 1566–1648)[1] | Geuzen and Orangist troops (c. 1566–1570s)[b] United Provinces (c. 1576–1580s)[c]
Dutch Republic (1581/8–1648)
Allies: Kingdom of England (1585–1604, 1625–30) | Spanish Empire (incl. Habsburg Netherlands)
Portuguese Empire (1580–1640) |
|
Dutch–Portuguese War (1601–1661) | Dutch Republic
| Portugal
| * Dutch victory in Ghana, Malacca, Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Indonesia * Portuguese victory in Brazil, Angola, East Africa and Macau * Both sides claim victory in India
|
Beaver Wars 1609–1701 | Iroquois League Supported by: | * Huron | Indecisive |
Ternatean–Portuguese conflicts 1530–1605 (intermittently) | Sultanate of Ternate Dutch East India Company (from 1599) | Portuguese Empire Spanish Empire Sultanate of Tidore | Victory |
Ming–Qing War (1618-1683) |
|
| Victory
|
Uskok War (1615-1617) | Republic of Venice | Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Croatia | Victory
|
Dutch-Barbary war (1618-1622) | Dutch Republic | Ottoman Algeria Tunisia | Victory
|
Dutch conquest of the Banda Islands (1609–1621) | Dutch East India Company (VOC) Dutch Republic | Bandanese fighters East India Company Kingdom of England | Victory
|
Expedition to Algiers (1624) | Dutch Republic | Ottoman Algeria | Victory |
Spanish-Siam War (1624–1636)[2][3][4] | Siam | Iberian Union | Victory
|
Siege of Batavia (1628–1629) | Dutch Republic | Mataram Sultanate | Victory
|
Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa (1635–1636) | Dutch Republic | Natives of Mattau, Bakloan, Soulang, Taccariang and Tevorang | Victory
|
Lamey Island Massacre (1636) | Dutch Republic | Taiwanese militia | Victory |
Shimabara Rebellion (1637–1638) | Tokugawa shogunate Dutch Republic | Christian peasant and ronin rebels | Victory
|
Cambodian–Dutch War (1643-1644) | Dutch East India Company | Kingdom of Cambodia | Defeat |
Kieft's War (1643–1645)[5] | Dutch Republic | Lenape | Victory |
Torstenson War (1643–1645) | Sweden Dutch Republic | Denmark-Norway | Victory |
Sinhalese–Portuguese War (1538–1640) | Kingdom of Sitawaka Kingdom of Kandy Dutch East India Company (from 1638) | Portuguese Empire | Victory
|
Guo Huaiyi Rebellion (1652) | Dutch Republic | Guo Huaiyi's peasant army | Victory |
Portuguese Restoration War (1640-1668) | Portugal Dutch Republic (1641-1648) France (1641–1659) England (1662–1668) | Spain | Victory
|
The Great Ambon War (1651-1656) | Dutch Republic other allies | Sultanate of Ternate other allies | Victory |
First Anglo-Dutch War (1652–1654) | Dutch Republic | Commonwealth of England | Inconclusive[e]
|
Peach War (1655)[5] | Dutch Republic | Lenape | Defeat
|
Dano-Swedish War (1658–1660) | Denmark–Norway Dutch Republic | Sweden | Victory |
Second Northern War (1655–1660) | Poland (Poland-Lithuania) Denmark–Norway Habsburg Monarchy Russia (1656–58) Crimean Khanate Brandenburg-Prussia (1655–56, 1657–60) Dutch Republic | Swedish Empire Brandenburg-Prussia (1656–57) Principality of Transylvania Ukrainian Cossacks (1657)[6] Grand Duchy of Lithuania Wallachia Moldavia | Victory
|
First Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars (1659–1660) | Dutch Republic | Khoikhoi militia | Victory |
Esopus Wars (1659–1663)[5] | Dutch settlers Mohawk | Esopus | Victory |
Siege of Fort Zeelandia (1661-1662) | Dutch East India Company | Koxinga's Ming Loyalists | Defeat |
Dano-Dutch War (1661-1665) | Dutch West India Company | Denmark–Norway England | Defeat |
First Tondano War (1661–1664) | Dutch Republic | Minahasan peoples | Victory |
Trịnh–Nguyễn War (1627–1672)-(1774–1777) | Trịnh lords Dutch East India Company Tây Sơn rebellion | Nguyễn lords Portugal | Victory |
Makassar War (1666–1669) | Dutch Republic | Sultanate of Gowa | Victory |
Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665–1667) | Dutch Republic Denmark France | England Bishopric of Münster | Victory
|
Dutch-Zamorin Conflicts (1666-1758) | Dutch East India Company | Zamorin United Kingdom Portuguese Empire English East India Company | Victory |
Kandyan-Dutch War (1670-1675) | Dutch Republic | Kingdom of Kandy France | Victory
|
Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–1674) | Dutch Republic Denmark-Norway | England France Bishopric of Münster Electorate of Cologne | Victory
|
Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678) | Dutch Republic Holy Roman Empire (from 1673) Spain (from 1673) Brandenburg-Prussia (from 1673) Lorraine (from 1673) Denmark–Norway (from 1674) England (1678) | France England (1672–74) Münster (1672–1674) Cologne (1672–1674) Swedish Empire (from 1674) |
|
Second Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars (1673–1677) | Dutch Republic
| Khoikhoi militia | Victory |
Trunajaya rebellion (1674–1680) | Mataram Sultanate Dutch East India Company (VOC)
| Rebel forces Makassarese itinerant fighters Rival claimants to Mataram throne (after 1677) | Victory |
Scanian War (1675-1679) | Denmark-Norway Dutch Republic Brandenburg-Prussia Habsburg Monarchy Supported by: Scanian insurgents | Swedish Empire Kingdom of France |
|
Nine Years' War (1688–1697) | Dutch Republic England Holy Roman Empire Spanish Empire Duchy of Savoy Scotland | France Jacobites |
|
Siamese revolution of 1688 (1688) | Phetracha and various Siamese lords Dutch Republic | Prasat Thong dynasty Kingdom of France | Victory
|
Williamite War in Ireland (1689-1691) | Williamites Dutch Republic | Jacobites France | Victory
|
War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) | Dutch Republic Austrian monarchy Prussia England (until 1707) Great Britain (from 1707) Holy Roman Empire Piedmont-Savoy Habsburg Spain Portugal | France Spanish monarchy Bavaria (~1704) Cologne Mantua (~1708) |
|
First Javanese War of Succession (1704–1707) | Dutch Republic | Mataram Sultanate | Victory |
Dutch-Algerian war(1715-1726)[7] | Dutch Republic | Ottoman Algeria | Victory |
War of the Quadruple Alliance (1718–1720) | Great Britain France Austria Dutch Republic | Spain | Victory |
Jacobite rising of 1719 | Great Britain Dutch Republic | Jacobites Spain | Victory |
Second Javanese War of Succession (1719–1723) | Dutch Republic Mataram Sultanate | Rebel Princes | Victory |
1740 Batavia massacre (1740) | Dutch Republic Native Indonesians allies | Chinese Indonesian militia | Military victory Political failure
|
War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748) | Dutch Republic (1744–48) Habsburg Monarchy Great Britain Hanover Saxony (1743–45) Sardinia (1742–48) Russia (1741–43, 1748) | France Prussia (1740–42, 1744–45) Spain Bavaria (1741–45) Saxony (1741–42) Sardinia (1741–42) Genoa (1745–48) Sweden (1741–43) Duchy of Modena | Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
|
Travancore–Dutch War (1741–1757) | Dutch Republic Kingdom of Cochin | Kingdom of Travancore Maratha Empire Mysore | Military Stalemate |
Java War (1741–43) (1741–1743) | Dutch Republic | Joint army of Chinese and Javanese | Victory |
Battle of Penfui (1749) | Dutch Republic Timorese allies | Topasses Timorese allies | Victory |
Third Javanese War of Succession (1749–1757) | Mataram Sultanate (until 1755) Dutch Republic Yogyakarta Sultanate (from 1755) Surakarta Sunanate (from 1755) | Anti-Dutch rebels | Victory
|
Cirebon War (1753–1773) | Dutch Republic | Cirebon Sultanate | Victory |
Berbice slave uprising (1763–1764) | Dutch Republic Arawak and Carib allies | Army of the Negroes of Berbice | Victory |
Kandyan-Dutch war (1764-1766) | Dutch Republic | Kingdom of Kandy | Victory |
Dutch-Moroccan War (1775-1777) | Dutch Republic | Sultanate of Morocco | Victory |
American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) | United States France Spain Netherlands Mysore | Great Britain Loyalists German Auxiliaries | Mixed results for the Dutch Republic
|
First Xhosa-Dutch War (1779–1781) | Dutch Republic | Xhosa militia | Victory |
Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (1780–1784) | Dutch Republic Kingdom of France | Great Britain | Defeat
|
Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780–1784) | Kingdom of Mysore Kingdom of France Dutch Republic | East India Company Great Britain | Stalemate
|
Kettle War (8 October 1784) | Dutch Republic | Habsburg monarchy | Status quo ante bellum
|
Patriot–Orangist battles (c. 1786–1787) | Orangists | Patriots | Inconclusive
|
Prussian invasion of Holland (late 1787) | Kingdom of Prussia Orangists | States of Holland Patriots | Prussian–Orangist victory
|
Second Xhosa-Dutch War (1789–1793) | Dutch Republic | Xhosa militia | Victory |
War of the First Coalition (1792–1797) | Holy Roman Empire Austria Prussia (until 1795) Great Britain French Royalists Spain (until 1795) Portugal Sardinia (until 1796) Naples and Sicily Other Italian states Dutch Republic | Kingdom of the French (until 1792) French Republic (from 1792) Spain (from 1796) Batavian Republic (from 1795) French satellite states Polish Legions (from 1797) | Regime change, Victory for the Batavian Republic
|
- War of succession
- War of conquest (territorial control)
- Religious war (including the European wars of religion)
- Economic war (including colonial wars)
- Revolt or rebellion (political)
Notes
- ^ See also List of battles of the Eighty Years' War.
- ^ The earliest disparate groups of rebel forces against the Habsburg Netherlandish government were known as Geuzen (dominated by Calvinists and some Huguenots, disgruntled lesser noblemen, and commerce-minded urban classes). The Geuzen were largely loyal to the former stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht William of Orange, who brought in his own – mostly German – mercenaries in 1568 and 1572. The combination of Geuzen and Orangist troops received backing from the States of Holland and West Friesland and States of Zeeland (provincial governments) from July 1572 onwards, and formed a core of what would become the Dutch States Army.[1]
- ^ Aside from Holland and Zeeland in 1572–76, the States of various other provinces would only gradually unite as a military alliance from the 1576 Pacification of Ghent onwards into the 1580s. Until the 1585 Fall of Antwerp, they included the southern provinces of Flanders, Brabant, Mechelen, Artois, Hainaut, Namur, Limburg and Overmaze. The remaining northern provinces would eventually form a de facto independent state: the Dutch Republic.[1]
- ^ This expedition was launched after the Algerians broke the peace treaty.
- ^ Historians have different opinions on the outcome, for example historian Jonathan Israel calls it a complete Dutch victory, but another historian like Dagomar Degroot, mark it as stalemate, the historian Edward Kritzler marks it as inconclusive, and Nigel Cawthorne marks it as an English victory
References
- ^ a b c d e f Groenveld & Leeuwenberg 2020, p. 620–622.
- ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Foreign Settlements - Portuguese Settlement". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Essays - Spain". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ "History of Ayutthaya - Historical Events - Timeline 1600-1649". www.ayutthaya-history.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ^ a b c Trelease, Allan W. (1960). Indian Affairs in Colonial New York: The Seventeenth Century. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.
- ^ Hrushevsky (2003), pp. 327ff.
- ^ Ressel, Magnus (2015). "The Dutch-Algerian War and the Rise of British Shipping to Southern Europe (1715-1726)". Cahiers de la Méditerranée (90): 237–255. doi:10.4000/cdlm.8011.
Bibliography
- Groenveld, Simon; Leeuwenberg, Huib (2020). De Tachtigjarige Oorlog. Opstand en consolidatie in de Nederlanden (ca. 1560–1650). Derde editie (in Dutch). Zutphen: Walburg Pers. p. 750. ISBN 9789462495661. (e-book; original publication 2008; in cooperation with M. Mout and W. Zappey)