FDF 4683 (abbreviation of FORS Deep Field 4683), also known as QSO B0103-260,Q0103-260 or simplify as QSO 0103–260, is a quasar located in the constellation of Sculptor. With the redshift of 3.36, the object is located 11.4 billion light-years from Earth.[1] The quasar is known to contain a high abundance of chemical elements, vital for studying the evolution of galaxies from early universe[2] with emission-line fluxes of NV 1240, CIV1549, and HeII1640 and a cosmological model applied with Omega _M =~ 0.3, Omega _Lambda =~ 0.7, and H_o =~ 65 km s−1 Mpc−1 that indicates the first violent star formation epoch starting at a redshift of z_f =~ 6 to 10.[3]
^"Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-06-23.
^ abAppenzeller, I.; Bender, R.; Böhm, A.; Frank, S.; Fricke, K.; Gabasch, A.; Heidt, J.; Hopp, U.; Jäger, K.; Mehlert, D.; Noll, S.; Saglia, R.; Seitz, S.; Tapken, C.; Ziegler, B. (2004-06-01). "Exploring Cosmic Evolution with the FORS Deep Field". The Messenger. 116: 18–24. Bibcode:2004Msngr.116...18A. ISSN 0722-6691.
^Dietrich, M.; Wilhelm-Erkens, U. (2000-02-01). "Elemental abundances of high redshift quasars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 354: 17–27. Bibcode:2000A&A...354...17D. ISSN 0004-6361.
^Appenzeller, I.; Bender, R.; Böhm, A.; Drory, N.; Fricke, K.; Häfner, R.; Heidt, J.; Hopp, U.; Jäger, K.; Kümmel, M.; Mehlert, D.; Möllenhoff, C.; Moorwood, A.; Nicklas, H.; Noll, S. (2000-06-01). "The FORS Deep Field". The Messenger. 100: 44–48. Bibcode:2000Msngr.100...44A. ISSN 0722-6691.
^Noll, Stefan; Mehlert, Dörte; Appenzeller, Immo; Tapken, Christian (2003-07-01). "The FORS Deep Field Spectroscopic Survey for High-redshift Galaxies". Astronomische Nachrichten Supplement. 324 (3): 158. Bibcode:2003ANS...324..158N.
^[email protected]. "FORS Deep Field near Q0103-260". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2024-06-23.
^Noll, S.; Mehlert, D.; Appenzeller, I.; Bender, R.; Böhm, A.; Gabasch, A.; Heidt, J.; Hopp, U.; Jäger, K.; Seitz, S.; Stahl, O.; Tapken, C.; Ziegler, B. L. (2004-05-01). "The FORS Deep Field spectroscopic survey". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 418 (3): 885–906. arXiv:astro-ph/0401500. Bibcode:2004A&A...418..885N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034434. ISSN 0004-6361.